高速公路柱式广告设施技术状况检测与评定标准

　 高速公路柱式广告设施技术状况 检测与评定标准

　Standard for Testing and Evaluating Technical Status of Column Advertising Facilities on Expressway

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　I 目 录

　 前 言 ················································································································ III 1

　范围 ·························································································································· 1 2

　规范性引用文件 ·········································································································· 1 3

　术语和定义 ················································································································· 1 3.1

　 高速公路柱式广告设施

　 EXPRESSWAY ADVERTISEMENT FACILITIES

　········································ 1 3.2

　 技术状况检测与评定

　 INSPECTION AND ASSESSMENT OF TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

　························ 1 3.3

　 检查

　 INVESTIGATION

　································································································ 1 3.4

　 检测

　 INSPECTION

　···································································································· 1 3.5

　 评定

　 ASSESSMENT

　··································································································· 1 3.6

　 结构系统

　 STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

　·················································································· 2 3.7

　 构件

　 COMPONENT

　··································································································· 2 4

　符号 ·························································································································· 2 4.1

　 结构性能及作用效应 ································································································ 2 4.2

　 评定等级 ··············································································································· 2 5

　基本规定 ···················································································································· 2 6

　检查与检测 ················································································································· 2 6.1

　 一般规定 ··············································································································· 2 6.1.1

　广告设施的检查 ································································································ 2 6.1.2

　广告设施的检查按深入程度 ················································································· 3 6.2

　 初始检查 ··············································································································· 3 6.3

　 日常巡查 ··············································································································· 4 6.4

　 定期检测 ··············································································································· 4 6.5

　 特殊检测 ··············································································································· 4 6.6

　 检查、检测流程 ······································································································ 4 7

　评定 ·························································································································· 7 7.1

　 一般规定 ··············································································································· 7 7.2

　 一般评定 ··············································································································· 7 7.3

　 一般评定的技术状况评定方法 ···················································································· 7 7.3.1

　综合评定 ········································································································· 7 7.3.2

　技术状况评定等级 ····························································································· 8 7.4

　 安全性评定 ·········································································································· 10 7.4.1

　评定层次 ······································································································· 10 7.4.2

　评定等级 ······································································································· 10 7.4.2.1

　构件（包括构件本身和构件间的连接节点）

　···················································· 10 7.4.2.2

　结构系统 ·································································································· 10 7.4.2.3

　结构整体 ·································································································· 10 7.5

　 安全性评定方法 ···································································································· 10 7.5.1

　构件安全性评定 ······························································································ 10 7.5.2

　结构系统安全性评定 ························································································ 11

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　II 7.5.2.1

　地基基础 ·································································································· 11 7.5.2.2

　立柱 ········································································································ 11 7.5.2.3

　箱体 ········································································································ 11 7.5.3

　结构整体安全性评定 ························································································ 12 8

　报告要求 ·················································································································· 12 8.1

　 定期检查报告要求 ································································································· 12 8.2

　 特殊检查报告要求 ································································································· 12 附录

　A：各结构系统对应的检测项目、检测方法及检测频率·················································· 13 表 A.1 各结构系统对应的检测项目、方法及频率 ································································ 13 附录

　B：特殊检测的检测项目、检测方法及检测结果评价 ····················································· 14 B.1

　 柱式广告设施钢材强度检测 ···················································································· 14 B.1.1

　检测设备 ······································································································ 14 B.1.2

　检测方法 ······································································································ 14 B.1.3

　检测结果的评价 ····························································································· 14 B.2

　 柱式广告设施钢材厚度检测 ···················································································· 14 B.2.1

　检测设备 ······································································································ 14 B.2.2

　检测方法 ······································································································ 14 B.2.3

　检测结果的评价 ····························································································· 15 B.3

　 柱式广告设施防腐涂层厚度检测 ·············································································· 15 B.3.1

　检测设备 ······································································································ 15 B.3.2

　检测方法 ······································································································ 15 B.3.3

　检测结果的评价 ····························································································· 15 B.4

　 柱式广告设施立柱倾斜检测 ···················································································· 15 B.4.1

　检测设备 ······································································································ 15 B.4.2

　检测方法 ······································································································ 15 B.4.3

　检测结果的评价 ····························································································· 16 B.5

　 柱式广告设施表面质量的磁粉检测 ··········································································· 16 B.5.1

　检测设备 ······································································································ 16 B.5.2

　检测方法 ······································································································ 16 B.5.3

　检测结果的评价 ····························································································· 17 B.6

　 柱式广告设施焊脚尺寸检测 ···················································································· 17 B.6.1

　检测设备 ······································································································ 17 B.6.2

　检测方法 ······································································································ 17 B.6.3

　检测结果的评价 ····························································································· 17 B.7

　 柱式广告设施螺栓孔孔径检测 ················································································· 17 B.7.1

　检测设备 ······································································································ 17 B.7.2

　检测方法 ······································································································ 17 B.7.3

　检测结果的评价 ····························································································· 18 B.8

　 柱式广告设施螺栓孔孔距检测 ················································································· 18 B.8.1

　检测设备 ······································································································ 18 B.8.2

　检测方法 ······································································································ 18 B.8.3

　检测结果的评价 ····························································································· 18

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　III 前 言

　 本标准按照 GB/T 1.1-2009 给出的规则起草。

　本标准由××省交通运输厅提出并归口。

　本标准主要起草单位：××。

　本标准参与起草单位：××。

　本标准主要起草人：××。

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　1 高速公路柱式广告设施技术状况检测与评定标准

　1

　范围 本标准规定了高速公路柱式广告设施技术状况检测与评定的范围、规范性引用文件、术语和定义、符号、基本规定、检查与检测、评定和报告要求，以确保柱式广告设施的安全使用。

　本标准适用于安徽省境内的既有高速公路柱式广告设施技术状况检测与评定工作，其中包括双面柱式广告设施和三面柱式广告设施，其他柱式广告设施可参照执行。

　2

　规范性引用文件 本标准规定了下列文件对于本文件的应用必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅所注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。

　GB/T 50621

　钢结构现场检测技术标准 CJJ 149

　城市户外广告设施技术规范 GB 50205

　钢结构工程施工质量验收规范 CECS148

　户外广告设施钢结构技术规程 GB 502924

　民用建筑可靠性鉴定标准 GB 50144

　工业建筑可靠性鉴定标准 JTG H30

　公路养护安全作业规程 3

　术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本标准。

　3.1

　高速公路柱式广告设施

　expressway advertisement facilities 安徽省境内高速公路沿线的柱式广告设施。

　3.2

　技术状况检测与评定

　inspection and assessment of technical conditions 对柱式广告设施的技术状况所进行的调查、检测、分析验算和评定等一系列活动。

　3.3

　检查

　investigation 通过文件查阅、现场观察和询问等手段进行的调查和信息收集。

　3.4

　检测

　inspection 对既有柱式广告设施的状况或性能所进行的测量和测试等工作。

　3.5

　评定

　assessment 根据调查、检测和分析验算结果，对既有柱式广告设施的技术状况按照规定的标准和方法所进行的评价。

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　2 3.6

　结构系统

　structural system 根据检测与评定要求，细分的子单元，对柱式广告设施一般可按地基基础、立柱、箱体划分为三个结构系统。

　3.7

　构件

　component 结构系统中进一步细分的基本鉴定单位，一般是指承受各种作用的单个结构构件。

　4

　符号 下列符号适用于本标准。

　4.1

　结构性能及作用效应 R—结构或构件的抗力； S—结构或构件的作用效应； γ0—结构重要性系数。

　4.2

　评定等级 a、b、c、d—构件的安全性评定等级； A、B、C、D—结构系统的安全性评定等级； 一、二、三、四—结构整体的安全性评定等级。

　5

　基本规定 5.1 高速公路柱式广告设施的技术状况应按照本标准以及国家或行业现行技术标准、规范的有关规定组织实施。

　5.2 高速公路柱式广告设施的检测类型分为初始检查、日常巡查、定期检查和特殊检查。其中，日常巡查宜由广告设施养护管理单位自行组织实施。初始检查、定期检查和特殊检查应委托有资质的专业检测单位实施。

　5.3 高速公路柱式广告设施的检查对象主要针对地基基础、立柱、箱体三个结构系统，同时应对广告设施所处的周边环境、地形地貌对照设计资料进行观察比较。

　5.4 高速公路柱式广告设施的检查项目分为主控项目和非主控项目。其中主控项目是必测项目，非主控项目宜根据业主要求、现场实际情况确定。各结构系统对应的检测项目、检测内容、检测方法见附录 A。

　5.5 高速公路柱式广告设施的检测应根据 JTG H30 相关要求，结合工程特点和道路运营情况等制定交通组织方案、安全保障措施和安全应急预案，规范检测行为，保证检测安全。

　6

　检查与检测 6.1

　一般规定 6.1.1

　广告设施的检查 分为初始检查、经常检查、定期检测和特殊检测，四种检查的具体内容和要求详见表 1。

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　3 表 1

　广告设施检查检测分类 检查检测类型 检查检测内容和要求 初始检查 在广告设施建成后，结合相关技术档案、交竣工检查资料、施工人员口述和现场检查等详细分析广告设施技术状况、标示已存缺陷和损伤、指出关键结构构件、提出养护注意事项的活动。

　日常巡视 对广告设施范围内各种病害、障碍物、保护区域范围作业、结构明显异常、电器设备运营状况进行日常巡视，便于及时发现不安全因素和设备故障。

　定期检测 按本标准规定的周期，对广告设施主体结构及周边环境进行定期跟踪的全面详细检查。主要检查各部件的功能是否完善有效，构造是否合理耐用，发现需要大、中修，改善或限制使用的缺损情况，同时检查小修保养情况。

　特 殊 检 测 专门检测 对需要进一步判明损坏原因、缺损程度或使用功能的部位，要针对病害进行专门的现场试验、检测、检算与分析等鉴定工作，以便采取有效的养护措施。

　应急检测 当广告设施遭受地震、风灾、洪水冲刷等自然灾害和事故后，应立即对结构作详细检查。应查明破损状况，采取应急措施，尽快恢复使用功能。

　6.1.2

　广告设施的检查按深入程度 Ⅰ级——在远处目视检查（含利用望远镜的目视检查）； Ⅱ级——基本接近检查部位的目视检查； Ⅲ级——非常接近检查部位的目视检查； Ⅳ级——非常接近检查部位，除了利用目视外，还采用触摸、敲击、扳动、光学放大、等方式进行的检查； Ⅴ级——借助专用仪器设备，如全站仪、水准仪、超声波仪、磁粉探伤仪等进行深入的专项检测。

　在初始检查、经常检查、定期检测和特殊检测过程中，管养单位应根据相关规范要求及实际检查需要选用合适可靠的检查深入程度。鼓励研究和应用新型适用的检测手段和检测设备。检查类型与检查深入程度对应关系见表 2。

　表

　2

　检测类型与检查深入程度对应关系 检查类型 检查程度 初始检查 Ⅳ级、Ⅴ级 经常检查 Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级 定期检测 Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级 特殊检测 Ⅳ级、Ⅴ级 6.2

　初始检查 6.2.1

　广告设施建成或加固改造后，应进行一次初始检查，检查内容见表 1。

　6.2.2

　初始检查的项目包括：定期检查项目、特殊检查中的专门检查项目。对于交工中已经检查的项目可直接采用其检查原始数据。

　6.2.3

　通过初始检查，应确定广告设施的技术状况，标示已存缺陷和损伤，指出关键结构构件，提出日后养护中需要注意的事项。

　6.2.4

　应检查基础的永久性沉降监测点，未设置的应增设。

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　4 6.3

　日常巡查 6.3.1

　日常巡查宜在白天实施，日常巡查对象为主体外观、周边环境变化，巡查内容见表 1。

　6.3.2

　日常巡查以乘车为主，乘车巡查与步行巡查相结合，管养单位应配备日常巡查专用车辆。如发现大面积缺损需及时记录和报告，对病害进行拍照并记录位置、性质、数量、程度等。

　6.3.3

　日常巡查每季度不得少于一次，在雨季来临前、季度变化、异常气象环境下应加大检查频率。如遭受地震、风灾、洪水冲刷等自然灾害和事故后，应立即组织一次日常巡查。

　6.4

　定期检测 6.4.1

　定期检测对象为主体结构的基础、立柱、箱体以及周边环境等，检测内容见表 A-1。

　6.4.2

　定期检测以目测为主，并结合必要的仪器进行检查。检查过程中应配备如照相机、摄像机、全站仪、水准仪、裂缝观测仪、各种探伤仪器、数据记录仪器等。

　6.4.3

　在定期检测过程中，应跟踪检测已存病害的发展情况。

　6.4.4

　应根据结构类型、业主要求等确定定期检测的内容，并进行技术状况评定。

　6.4.4

　对定期检测中发现的难以判断损坏程度和原因的构件，应提出做特殊检测的建议，对损坏严重、危及安全的广告设施应提出限制以至中止使用的建议。

　6.4.5

　定期检测一般每两年不少于一次，对于检查后总体结构评为三级或四级、且尚未采取相关维护、加固措施的要求每年不少于一次。

　6.5

　特殊检测 6.5.1

　特殊检测对象为主体结构的基础、立柱、箱体以及周边环境等，特殊检测分为专门检测和应急检测，检测内容见表 1。特殊检测的检测项目除满足附录 A 的要求外，还应满足附录 B 的要求。

　6.5.2

　在下列情况下，应进行专门检测：

　6.5.2.1 达到设计使用年限拟继续使用时； 6.5.2.2 定期检查后总体技术状况评为三类或四类； 6.5.2.3 存在较严重的质量缺陷或者出现较严重的腐蚀、损伤、变形时; 6.5.2.4 初始检查发现存在资料不全，无设计图纸，无施工记录等情况时。

　6.5.3

　当广告设施遭受地震、风灾、洪水冲刷等自然灾害和事故后，应立即组织一次应急检测。

　6.5.4

　特殊检测的广告设施应进行结构承载能力的检算。

　6.6

　检查、检测流程 6.6.1

　初始检查工作流程见图 1。

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　5 施工信息调查现场全面检查检测资料归档设计资料收集制定归档资料清单 图 1 初始检查工作流程 6.6.2

　日常巡查工作流程见图 2。

　资料归档现场巡查无异常制定巡查方案判断异常影响程度 存在异常制定应对计划 图 2 日常巡查工作流程 6.6.3

　定期检测工作流程见图 3。

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　6 档案资料准备确认受检广告牌基本状况制定检测方案及计划开展现场检测是否开展特殊检测技术状况评定否资料归档特殊检查 是 图 3 定期检测工作流程 6.6.4

　特殊检测工作流程见图 4。

　档案资料准备确认受检广告牌基本状况制定检测方案及计划开展现场检测资料归档安全评估承载能力计算 技术状况评定 图 4 特殊检测工作流程

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　7 7

　评定 7.1

　一般规定 柱式广告设施评定分为一般评定和安全性评定。

　7.1.1

　一般评定是依据柱式广告设施定期检测资料，通过对检测项目的综合评定，确定柱式广告设施的技术状况等级； 7.1.2

　安全性评定是依据柱式广告设施特殊检测以及定期检测等资料，结合结构受力分析，评定结构承载能力，确认柱式广告设施的安全性等级。

　7.2

　一般评定 柱式广告设施总体技术状况等级评定，宜采用考虑各检测项目权重的综合评定方法。方法如下：

　根据缺损程度（大小、多少或轻重）、缺损对结构使用功能的影响程度（无、小、大）和缺损发展变化状况（趋向稳定、发展缓慢、发展较快）等三个方面，以累加评分方法对各检测项目缺损状况做出等级评定，缺损状况评定方法详见表 3。

　表

　3

　检测项目缺损状况评定方法 缺损状况及标度 组合评定标度 缺损程度及标度 程度 小 → 少 → 轻度 → 大 多 严重 标度

　0 1 2

　 缺损对结构使用功能的影响程度 无、不重要 0

　0 1 2 小、次要 +1

　1 2 3 大、重要 +2

　2 3 4 以上两项评定组合标度

　 0 1 2 3 4 缺损发展变化状况的修正 趋向稳定 -1

　 0 1 2 3 发展缓慢 0

　 1 2 3 4 发展较快 +1

　1 2 3 4 5 最终项目评定

　 0 1 2 3 4 5 注：“0”表示完好状态，或表示没有设置的构造部件，当缺损程度标度为“0”时，不再进行叠加； “5”表示危险状态，或表示原未设置，而调查表明需要补设的部件。

　7.3

　一般评定的技术状况评定方法 7.3.1

　综合评定 采用下列计算式：

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　8 nr i ii=1ii ir

　D =100 R W /5R ~W W =

　 100D ~ 式中：

　—按表3方法对各检测项目确定的评定标度（0 5）—各检测项目权重 （见表4）—柱式广告牌技术状况评分（0 100）

　表

　4

　推荐的检测项目权重 序号 部件 参数类型 检测项目 权重 1 地基 主控 基础沉降 13 2 地脚螺栓松动 10 3 非主控 外观质量 1 4 混凝土强度 5 5 混凝土碳化深度 1 6 立柱 主控 竖直度 15 7 立柱与基础及箱体连接 10 8 非主控 外观质量 1 9 锈蚀程度 5 10 外表防腐涂层厚度 2 11 焊缝缺陷 3 12 箱体 主控 箱体拼接螺栓 10 13 竖直度 10 14 面板锚固 5 15 非主控 锈蚀程度 3 16 外观质量 2 17 连接点焊缝缺陷 3 18 周边环境 非主控 周边环境 1 7.3.2

　技术状况评定等级 柱式广告设施技术状况评定等级分为一类、二类、三类、四类。评定等级分类界限见表 5，检测项目缺损程度评定标准见表 6。

　表

　5 技术状况评定等级界限 序号 类别 Dr 分值 1 一类 [90,100] 2 二类 [75,90）

　3 三类 [60,75）

　4 四类 [ 0,60）

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　9 表

　6

　检测项目缺损程度评定标准 序号 部件 检测项目 缺损程度（0）

　缺损程度（1）

　缺损程度（2）

　1 地基 主控 基础沉降 基础无沉降 无不均匀沉降； 沉降速率较小 出现不均匀沉降； 沉降速率较大 2 地脚螺栓松动 无螺栓松动 个别存在松动且不大于3 个 松动数量大于 3 个 3 非主控 外观质量 外观完好 局部破损，破损面积小于 10% 破损面积大于等于 10% 4 混凝土强度 实测强度大于设计强度 实测强度不小于设计强度，且回弹法标准差不大于 2 实测强度小于设计强度 5 混凝土碳化深度 无碳化或碳化小于等于1.0mm 碳化深度大于 1.0mm，小于等于 5.0mm 碳化深度大于 5.0mm 6 立柱 主控 竖直度 竖直度不大于 0.3%H 竖直度小于 1%H 竖直度大于 1%H 7 立柱与基础及箱体连接 连接完好 连接螺栓个别松动且不大于 3 个；局部涂层脱落、锈蚀，且面积不大于 10%； 连接螺栓松动数量大于3个；局部涂层脱落、锈蚀，面积大于 10%； 8 非主控 外观质量 外观完好 局部涂层脱落、锈蚀，且面积不大于 10% 局部涂层脱落、锈蚀，面积大于 10% 9 锈蚀程度 锈蚀程度不大于 A 级 锈蚀程度不大于 C 级 锈蚀程度达到 D 级 10 外表防腐涂层厚度 均满足设计要求 局部小于设计值要求且不大于 20% 局部小于设计值要求且大于 20% 11 焊缝缺陷 无缺陷 局部存在气孔等缺陷，无裂缝 焊缝开裂 12 箱体 主控 箱体拼接螺栓 螺栓无缺失、无松动 个别螺栓缺失、松动且数量不大于 5%；无单个杆件脱落 个别螺栓缺失、松动且数量大于 5%；存在单个杆件脱落 13 竖直度 立柱垂直 竖直度不大于 0.3%H 竖直度大于 0.3%H 14 面板锚固 无铆钉脱落 个别铆钉缺失、松动且数量不大于 5%；无边角松动 个别铆钉缺失、松动且数量大于 5%；边角松动 15 非主控 锈蚀程度 锈蚀程度不大于 A 级 锈蚀程度不大于 C 级 锈蚀程度达到 D 级 16 外观质量 整体完好 局部损坏，且面积不大于 3% 局部损坏，且面积大于3% 17 连接点焊缝缺陷 无缺陷 局部存在气孔等缺陷，无裂缝 焊缝开裂 18 周边环境 非主控 周边环境 环境无变化 基础 3D 范围内无变化； 立柱、箱体 2 倍范围内无影响物存在 基础 3D 范围内存在开挖、土体流失等； 立柱、箱体 2 倍范围内有影响物存在

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　10 7.4

　安全性评定 7.4.1

　评定层次 应划分为构件、结构系统、结构整体三个层次进行评定。

　7.4.2

　评定等级 柱式广告设施安全性评定的构件、结构系统、结构整体应按下列规定评定等级：

　7.4.2.1

　构件（包括构件本身和构件间的连接节点）

　构件的安全性评级标准：

　a 级：符合本标准规范的安全性要求，安全，不必采取措施； b 级：略低于本标准规范的安全性要求，不影响安全，可不采取措施； c 级：不符合本标准规范的安全性要求，影响安全，应采取措施； d 级：极不符合本标准规范的安全性要求，已严重影响安全，必须及时或立即采取措施。

　7.4.2.2

　结构系统 结构系统的安全性评级标准：

　A 级：符合本标准规范的安全性要求，不影响整体安全，可能有个别次要构件宜采取适当措施； B 级：略低于本标准规范的安全性要求，尚不明显影响整体安全，可能有极少数构件应采取措施； C 级：不符合本标准规范的安全性要求，影响整体安全，应采取措施，且可能有极少数构件必须立即采取措施； D 级：极不符合本标准规范的安全性要求，已严重影响整体安全，必须立即采取措施。

　7.4.2.3

　结构整体 一级：符合本标准规范的安全性要求，不影响整体安全，可能有极少数次要构件宜采取适当措施； 二级：略低于本标准规范的安全性要求，尚不明显影响整体安全，可能有极少数构件应采取措施、极个别次要构件必须立即采取措施； 三级：不符合本标准规范的安全性要求，影响整体安全，应采取措施，且可能有极少数构件必须立即采取措施； 四级：极不符合本标准规范的安全性要求，已严重影响整体安全，必须立即采取措施。

　7.5

　安全性评定方法 7.5.1

　构件安全性评定 7.5.1.1

　柱式广告设施主要为钢构件，钢构件的安全性等级应按承载能力（包括构造和连接）项目评定，并取其中最低等级作为构件的安全性等级。

　7.5.1.2

　承重构件的钢材应符合建造当时钢结构设计规范和相应产品标准的要求，如果构件的使用条件发生改变，还应符合国家现行标准规范的要求，否则，应在确定承载能力和评级时考虑其不利影响。

　7.5.1.3

　柱式广告设施主要构件的承载能力评定是影响其安全性的重要因素之一。柱式广告设施的承载能力计算分析应遵循下列原则：

　7.5.1.3.1 柱式广告设施主要构件的承载能力计算方法，应符合国家现行设计标准和现行行业标准的规定。

　7.5.1.3.2 柱式广告设施所采用的计算模型，应符合结构的实际受力和构造状况。

　7.5.1.3.3 柱式广告设施的荷载作用应按现行国家规范《建筑结构荷载规范》GB 50009 及现行行业标准《城市户外广告设施技术规范》等有关规定取值选用。

　7.5.1.3.4 当该结构构件受到不可忽略的地基变形等作用时，应考虑它们产生的附加作用效应。

　DB ××/T ×××—20××

　11 7.5.1.3.5 材料强度的标准值，应根据构件的实际状况和已获得的检测数据按下列原则取值：

　当材料的种类和性能符合原设计要求时，可按原设计标准值取值； 当材料的种类和性能与原设计不符或材料性能已显著退化时，应根据实测数据按国家现行有关检测技术标准的规定取值。

　7.5.1.3.6 结构或构件的几何参数应取实测值，并结合结构实际的变形、施工偏差以及裂缝、缺陷、损伤、腐蚀等影响确定。

　对柱式广告设施主要构件的承载能力项目，应根据结构构件的抗力 R 和作用效应 S 及结构重要性系数γ0 按表 7 进行等级评定。在确定构件抗力时，应考虑实际的材料性能和结构构造，以及缺陷损伤、腐蚀、过大变形和偏差的影响。

　表

　7

　构件承载力评定等级 构件种类 R/γ0S a b c d 重要构件、连接 ≥1.00 <1.00，≥0.95 <0.95，≥0.90 <0.90 次要构件 ≥1.00 <1.00，≥0.92 <0.92，≥0.87 <0.87 注：

　当结构构造和施工质量满足现行规范要求，或虽不满足要求但在确定抗力和荷载作用效应已考虑了这种不利因素时，可按表中规定评级，否则不应按表中数值评级，可根据经验按照对承载能力的影响程度，评为 b 级、c 级或 d级。

　7.5.2

　结构系统安全性评定 柱式广告设施结构系统的安全性应划分为地基基础、立柱和箱体三部分进行评定：

　7.5.2.1

　地基基础 7.5.2.1.1 地基基础的安全性评定宜根据地及变形观测资料和现状进行评定，必要时，可按地基基础的承载能力进行评定。

　7.5.2.1.2 地基基础的安全性按地基变形观测资料和现状评定时，按下列规定评定等级：

　A 级：地基变形小于现行《建筑地基基础设计规范》GB 50007 规定的允许值，沉降速率小于0.01mm/d，无沉降裂缝、变形或位移； B 级：地基变形不大于现行《建筑地基基础设计规范》GB 50007 规定的允许值，沉降速率不大于0.05mm/d，半年内的沉降量小于 5mm，有轻微沉降裂缝出现，但无进一步发展趋势； C 级：地基变形大于现行《建筑地基基础设计规范》GB 50007 规定的允许值，沉降速率大于0.05mm/d，沉降裂缝有进一步发展趋势； D 级：地基变形大于现行《建筑地基基础设计规范》GB 50007 规定的允许值，沉降速率大于0.05mm/d，沉降裂缝发展显著。

　7.5.2.2

　立柱 7.5.2.2.1 立柱的安全性，应按其承载功能等级、立柱倾斜的评定结果进行确定，并取其中较低的等级作为立柱的安全性评级。

　7.5.2.2.2 立柱：当立柱承载能力 R/γ0S ＜0.95，R/γ0S≥0.90 时，立柱的安全性评定为 C 级。当立柱承载能力 R/γ0S ＜0.90 时，立柱的安全性评定为 D 级。

　7.5.2.2.3 当立柱倾斜率＞1%，立柱...