公安机关法律文书制作学习手册

　公安机关法律文书制作

　学习手册

　 1 目 目

　 录

　第一节

　公安法律文书概述 ········································ 1

　一、公安法律文书的概念和特点 ···································· 1

　（一）概念 ··································································· 1

　（二）特点 ··································································· 1

　二、公安法律文书的分类 ············································· 1

　（一）一般法律文书和通用文书 ········································ 1

　（二）立案文书、侦查文书、看守文书、执行文书 ················ 1

　（三）填空型文书、叙述型文书和混合型文书 ······················ 1

　三、公安法律文书基本制作要求 ···································· 2

　（一）法律程序 ····························································· 2

　（二）了解刑事法律文书的种类 ········································ 2

　（三）刑事法律文书常见易混淆项目的制作 ························· 2

　1、年龄 ··················································································· 2

　2、住址 ··················································································· 2

　3、文化程度 ············································································· 3

　4、文书字号 ············································································· 3

　5、文书的日期 ·········································································· 3

　6、印章使用 ············································································· 3

　7、其他注意事项 ······································································· 3

　第二节

　立案、破案文书 ··········································· 4

　一、呈请立案报告书 ··················································· 4

　（一）文书概念 ····························································· 4

　（二）法律依据 ····························································· 4

　（三）注意事项 ····························································· 5

　（四）文书内容 ····························································· 5

　1、首部 ··················································································· 5

　2、正文 ··················································································· 5

　（1）接受案件情况 ··············································································· 5 （2）立案事实根据 ··············································································· 5 （3）立案理由和法律依据 ······································································ 6 （4）侦查计划 ····················································································· 6 3、尾部 ··················································································· 6

　（五）文书格式 ····························································· 6

　 2 （六）实例 ··································································· 7

　二、立案决定书 ························································ 10

　（一）文书概念 ··························································· 10

　（二）法律依据 ··························································· 10

　（三）注意事项 ··························································· 10

　（四）文书内容 ··························································· 10

　（五）文书实例 ··························································· 11

　三、呈请破案报告书 ·················································· 11

　（一）文书概念 ··························································· 11

　（二）法律依据 ··························································· 12

　（三）注意事项 ··························································· 12

　（四）文书内容 ··························································· 12

　1、首部 ················································································· 12

　2、正文 ················································································· 12

　（1）犯罪嫌疑人基本情况和案件简况 ······················································ 12 （2）案情分析 ···················································································· 13 （3）侦查措施 ···················································································· 13 （4）破案经过 ···················································································· 13 3、尾部 ················································································· 13

　（五）文书实例 ··························································· 13

　第三节

　律师参与刑事诉讼文书 ································ 15

　一、涉密案件聘请律师申请表 ······································ 15

　（一）文书概念 ··························································· 15

　（二）法律依据 ··························································· 15

　（三）注意事项 ··························································· 15

　（四）文书内容 ··························································· 16

　1、申请人基本情况 ·································································· 16

　2、律师事务所、律师名称 ························································· 16

　3、侦查机关意见栏 ·································································· 16

　（五）文书实例 ··························································· 17

　二、涉密案件聘请律师决定书 ······································ 17

　（一）文书概念 ··························································· 17

　（二）法律依据 ··························································· 18

　（三）注意事项 ··························································· 18

　（四）文书内容 ··························································· 18

　 3 1、交申请人联。包括首部、正文、尾部三部分 ······························ 18

　2、附卷联。包括首部、正文、尾部三部分 ···································· 18

　3、存根联 ·············································································· 19

　（五）文书实例 ··························································· 19

　三、会见涉密案件在押犯罪嫌疑人申请表 ······················· 19

　（一）文书概念 ··························································· 19

　（二）制作依据 ··························································· 20

　（三）注意事项 ··························································· 20

　（四）文书内容 ··························································· 20

　（五）文书实例（见下页）

　············································ 21

　第四节

　强制措施文书 ············································ 23

　一、呈请拘传报告书 ·················································· 23

　（一）文书概念 ··························································· 23

　（二）制作依据 ··························································· 23

　（三）注意事项 ··························································· 23

　（四）文书内容 ··························································· 23

　1、首部 ················································································· 24

　2、正文 ················································································· 24

　3、尾部 ················································································· 24

　（五）文书实例 ··························································· 25

　二、拘传证 ······························································ 26

　（一）文书概念 ··························································· 26

　（二）制作依据 ··························································· 26

　（三）注意事项 ··························································· 26

　（四）文书内容 ··························································· 26

　1、附卷联。包括首部、正文、尾部三部分 ···································· 26

　2、存根联。由制作拘传证的单位存档备查 ···································· 27

　（五）文书实例 ··························································· 27

　三、呈请取保候审报告书 ············································ 28

　（一）文书概念 ··························································· 28

　（二）制作依据 ··························································· 28

　（三）注意事项 ··························································· 28

　（四）文书内容 ··························································· 28

　1、首部 ················································································· 29

　2、正文 ················································································· 29

　 4 3、尾部 ················································································· 29

　（五）文书实例（见下页）

　············································ 30

　四、呈请拘留报告书 ·················································· 30

　（一）文书概念 ··························································· 30

　（二）制作依据 ··························································· 30

　（三）制作方法 ··························································· 31

　1、首部 ················································································· 31

　2、正文 ················································································· 31

　3、尾部 ················································································· 32

　（四）文书实例 ··························································· 32

　五、拘留证 ······························································ 33

　（一）文书概念 ··························································· 33

　（二）法律依据 ··························································· 33

　（三）注意事项 ··························································· 34

　（四）文书内容 ··························································· 35

　1、附卷联，即《拘留证》正本，包括首部、正文、尾部三部分 ········· 35

　2、交看守所联，即《拘留证》副本，包括首部、正文、尾部三部分 ··· 35

　3、存根联 ·············································································· 35

　（五）文书实例（见下页）

　············································ 36

　六、提请批准逮捕书 ·················································· 36

　（一）文书概念 ··························································· 36

　（二）法律依据 ··························································· 36

　（三）注意事项 ··························································· 37

　（四）文书内容 ··························································· 37

　1、首部 ················································································· 37

　2、正文 ················································································· 38

　3、尾部 ················································································· 38

　（五）文书格式 ··························································· 39

　（六）文书实例 ··························································· 40

　七、逮捕证 ······························································ 42

　（一）文书概念 ··························································· 42

　（二）法律依据 ··························································· 42

　（三）注意事项 ··························································· 43

　（四）文书内容 ··························································· 44

　1、附卷联，《逮捕证》的正本。包括首部、正文、尾部三部分 ··········· 44

　2、交看守所联，《逮捕证》的副本。包括首部、正文、尾部三部分 ····· 44

　 5 3、存根联 ·············································································· 44

　（五）文书实例（见下页）

　············································ 45

　八、通缉令 ······························································ 45

　（一）文书概念 ··························································· 45

　（二）法律依据 ··························································· 45

　（三）注意事项 ··························································· 46

　（四）文书内容 ··························································· 46

　1、正页。包括首部、正文、尾部三部分 ······································· 46

　（l）发布范围 ····················································································· 46 （2）简要案情 ···················································································· 46 （3）犯罪嫌疑人基本情况 ····································································· 46 （4）工作要求和注意事项 ····································································· 47 （5）附件 ·························································································· 47 2、存根联 ·············································································· 47

　（五）文书实例（见下页）

　······················································· 48

　九、起诉意见书 ························································ 49

　（一）文书概念 ······································································ 49

　（二）法律依据 ······································································ 49

　（三）注意事项 ··························································· 49

　（四）文书内容 ··························································· 49

　1、首部 ················································································· 49

　2、正文 ················································································· 50

　3、尾部 ················································································· 51

　（五）文书格式 ··························································· 51

　（六）文书实例 ··························································· 53

　第 1 页

　共 54 页 第一节

　公安法律文书概述

　 一、公安法律文书的概念和特点

　（一）概念

　公安机关在诉讼程序中，依据相关的法律、法规制作的，为了保障立案、侦查、起诉、审判、执行等的顺利进行而使用的，具有法律强制力的司法公文。

　（二）特点

　1、制作主体的特定性 2、适用对象的关联性 3、制作过程的依法性 二、公安法律文书的分类

　（一）一般法律文书和通用文书

　一般文书是适用范围和法律依据比较明确、固定、制作目的明确的法律文书。如《会见犯罪嫌疑人申请表》。通用法律文书是指可适用于不同的目的，法律依据变化较多的法律文书。如《呈请×××报告书》，可以是呈请立案、也可是呈请撤消案件等事项。

　（二）立案文书、侦查文书、看守文书 、执行文书

　看守文书是在执行看守羁押任务中制作的文书，如《羁押期限届满通知书》、《释放通知书》。执行文书是在对经法院判决的罪犯执行刑罚时制作的法律文书，如《假释证明书》、《暂予监外执行审批表》、《刑满释放证明书》。

　（三）填空型文书、叙述型文书和混合型文书

　填空型文书，如《立案决定书》、《不立案理由说明书》、《释放证明书》 叙述型文书，如《提请批准逮捕书》、《起诉意见书》、《呈请×××报告书》 混合型文书，如《检查笔录》、《侦查实验笔录》、《现场勘查笔录》

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　共 54 页 三、公安法律文书基本制作要求

　（一）

　法律程序

　制作公安刑事法律文书，就必须对《刑事诉讼法》和公安机关办理刑事案件的《程序规定》有基本的了解。法律文书的制作总是与办案程序密不可分的，办案程序是法律文书制作的基本依据。因此，要想制作好法律文书，就必须学习《刑事诉讼法》、《程序规定》等刑事程序性法律法规。

　（二）了解刑事法律文书的种类

　在熟悉公安机关办理刑事案件的程序后，还应当对公安机关办理刑事案件中涉及的法律文书有基本的了解，掌握住公安部制定下发的 92 种基本法律文书的名称和格式。

　（三）刑事法律文书常见易混淆项目的制作

　在公安机关的 92 种基本法律文书格式中，有一些项目的制作有很多共性，同时有些项目容易混淆，主要包括：

　1 1 、 年龄

　对于法律文书中涉及的年龄项应当按周岁填写，即实足年龄。比如：如果1982 年 3 月 27 日出生，则到 2000 年 3 月 27 日为 17 岁，到 2000 年 3 月 28 日才为 18 岁。对于法律文书中要求填写出生日期的，则应当以公历计算。对于犯罪嫌疑人按照我国传统的阴历计算出生日期的，应当在换算成公历后填写到法律文书中。

　出生日期的确定：（1）以户口簿和身份证上登记的日期为准；（2）以医院出生证上记载的出生日期为准；（3）以其他证明上记载的出生日期为准；（4）以按照犯罪嫌疑人等自报的出生日期为准。对于需要对年龄进行鉴定、确认的，可以委托有关部门进行骨龄鉴定后，慎重处理。

　2 2 、 住址

　法律文书中的住址项目，应当填写有关人员的经常居住地。经常居住地通常是指公民连续居住满一年以上的地址，对于经常居住地与户籍登记中的住址不一

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　共 54 页 致的，要加以注明，两者都要填写。对于需要执行强制措施、送达法律文书的，有时在法律文书中还要填写有关人员的暂住地。

　3 3 、 文化程度

　对刑事法律文书中要求填写的文化程度，应当按照我国教育系统的相关规定，按照博士、硕士、本科（大学）、大专、中专、高中、初中、小学、文盲等顺序，按照事实情况填写。对于需要查证的，以国家承认的学历、学位为准，可以由毕业证、学位证等证明。

　4 4 、 文书字号

　公安机关刑事法律文书格式中关于文书字号的规定格式是“字[

　]号”，但没有规定如何填写。根据公安机关办案实践，文书字号的填写就按照：“机关代字”、“办案部门简称”、“文书名称简称”、“文书制作年份”、“文书的顺序号”等五个部门依次填写。比如：由安徽省蚌埠市公安局刑警支队 2003 年 5 月 20日签发的第 12 号《搜查证》可以写成“蚌公刑搜字][2003]12 号”；安徽省蚌埠市公安局国保支队 2003 年 5 月 20 日签发的第 180 号《拘留通知书》可以写成“蚌公国保刑拘通字[2003]180 号”。

　5 5 、 文书的日期

　批准时间和填发时间。对于文书存根中的批准时间，是指有关公安机关负责人批准制作法律文书的时间；填发时间则是指办案部门实际制作法律文书的时间。对于两者不一致的要按照实际情况填写。

　6 6 、 印章使用

　法律文书中需要使用的印章主要是公安局章和公安局长章，有些文书需要加盖着守所章、派出所章。需要注意的是，在公安局章和公安局长章同时使用时，公安局长章盖在法律文书中的“局长” 两字之后，在公安局章上方，公安局章盖在文书制作日期上方，两者基本对齐即可。

　7 7 、其他注意事项

　（1）案件名称要用公安机关侦查部门立案时确定的案件名称，并注意保持前后一致；

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　共 54 页 （2）犯罪嫌疑人工作单位要写全称，职业要用法定的或者通用的称谓； （3）引用的法律要写全称，比如：“中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法”；必要时，具体到“条、款、项”； （3）文书中的选择性项目、不需要填写的空格等，要用横线或者斜线划去；计量单位要用要我现行法定的计量单位，如“米”、“元”、“千克（公斤）”、“千米（公里）等，但在讯问笔录、询问笔录中要据实制作。

　第二节

　立案 、破案文书

　 一、呈请立案报告书

　（一）文书概念

　《呈请立案报告书》是公安机关受理案件后，经过审查，认为有犯罪事实需要追究刑事责任，且属于自己管辖时，由接受案件的单位制作的，报请县级以上公安机关负责人批准的法律文书，属于公安机关内部审批文书。

　（二）法律依据

　1、《刑事诉讼法》第 83 条规定：公安机关或者人民检察院发现犯罪事实或者犯罪嫌疑人，应当按照管辖范围，立案侦查。第 86 条规定：人民法院、人民检察院或者公安机关对于报案、控告、举报和自首的材料，应当按照管辖范围，迅速进行审查，认为有犯罪事实需要追究刑事责任的时候，应当立案；认为没有犯罪事实，或者犯罪事实显著轻微，不需要追究刑事责任的时候，不予立案，并且将不立案的原因通知控告人。控告人如果不服，可以申请复议。

　2、《程序规定》第 162 条规定：公安机关受理案件后，经过审查，认为有犯罪事实需要追究刑事责任，巳属于自己管辖的，由接受单位制作《刑事案件立案报告书》，经县级以上公安机关负责人批准，予以立案。

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　共 54 页 （三）注意事项

　1、《呈请立案报告书》是公安机关在接受案件后，经审查，认为有犯罪事实，符合立案条件时制作的，适用于公安机关负责人未在《接受刑事案件登记表》上批示立案的情况。对于公安机关负责人已经在《接受刑事案件登记表》上批示立案的，则不需要制作此文书。

　2、依据《程序规则》的规定，公安机关办案部门报请批准立案时应当制作《刑事案件立案报告书》，但是由于 2002 版刑事法律文书对此做了修改，所以此处应当制作呈请立案报告书》。

　（四）文书内容

　《呈请立案报告书》依据《呈请×××报告书》规定的格式制作，包括首部、正文、尾部三部分。

　1 1 、 首部

　领导批示、审核意见和文书名称。领导批示栏由县级以上公安机关负责人填写是否同意立案的批示，并签名、注明日期；审核意见栏由公安机关基层科所队长填写对办案人提出的立案请求进行初步审核后的意见和建议，并签名、注明日期。文书名称，按实际填写，如“呈请对××被杀案立案报告书” 2 2 、 正文

　通常包括以下几项内容：

　（1 1 ）接受案件情况

　（2 2 ）立案事实根据

　（发案时间、发案地点，现场勘查、现场调查及鉴定结论等；这部分内容很重要，是领导决定是否立案的主要依据。要用十分简练的语言将涉及的主要犯罪事实、情节和证据，现场勘查等各方面事实的主要情况叙述清楚。如杀人案，应写明尸体外观和姿势，伤痕部位和深度、致死的原因和凶器。盗窃案，应写明嫌疑人进入途径、撬门锁方法、现场破坏情况、被盗窃物品名称和数量。诽谤、抗税、诬陷、贪污没有现场。

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　共 54 页 （3 3 ）立案理由和法律依据

　根据已有情况，对案情做客观分析判断，说明符合立案条件和标准，说明发生了什么样的案件，行为人的行为触犯了法律，造成了什么机关样的后果，依法应予追究。呈请立案的法律依据包括《刑事诉讼法》第 83 条、86 条，根据案件的具体情况填写。

　（4 4 ）侦查计划

　侦查方向、范围、措施、步骤、人员组织和分工，期限。这一内容可有可无，应视案情决定。在最后部分要写明侦查人员对立案的意见，可以写上请示语。如“根据上述案情，应立为盗窃案侦查。妥否，请批示”等。

　3 3 、 尾部

　写明承办案件单位、承办人姓名并写明制作文书的日期。

　（五）文书格式

　领导批 示

　审核意 见

　呈请对×××案立案报告书

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　共 54 页 （六）实例

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　共 54 页

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　共 54 页

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　共 54 页 二、立案决定书

　（一）文书概念

　《立案决定书》是公安机关在对接受的案件进行审查后，对符合立案标准的案件决定开展侦查活动时制作的法律文书，是公安机关开展侦查活动的重要依据。

　（二）法律依据

　1、《刑事诉讼法》第 83 条规定：公安机关或者人民检察院发现犯罪事实或者犯罪嫌疑人，应当按照管辖范围，立案侦查。第 86 条第 1 款规定：人民法院、人民检察院或者公安机关对于报案、控告、举报和自首的材料，应当按照管辖范围，迅速进行审查，认为有犯罪事实需要追究刑事责任的时候，应当立案。

　2、《程序规定》第 162 条规定：公安机关受理案件后，经过审查，认为有犯罪事实需要追究刑事责任，且属于自己管辖的，„„，予以立案。

　（三）注意事项

　1、公安机关对于决定立案侦查的刑事案件都应当依法制作《立案决定书》。

　2、公安机关制作《立案决定书》的依据是经县级以上公安机关负责人在《接受刑事案件登记表》或者《呈请立案报告书》上的批示。

　（四）文书内容

　《立案决定书》共二联，包括附卷联、存根联。1、附卷联。包括首部、正文和尾部三部分内容。

　首部。包括制作机关名称、文书名称和发文字号，只需填清发文字号即可。

　正文。填写清楚公安机关立案的法律依据和拟开展侦查活动的案件名称即可。案件名称的确定通常有以下几种方法，一是对有明确犯罪嫌疑人的，采用“人名十涉嫌罪名”的方法确定，如“李××盗窃案”；二是对有明确被害人的案件，采用“人名十被害性质”的方法确定，如“张××失窃案”；三是也可以案件发生的时间、立案时间、发案地点等来确定案件名称，如“621 抢劫案”、“××村放火案”等。

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　共 54 页 尾部。写明制作文书日期，并加盖制作单位公章。

　该文书制作完毕后，存诉讼卷，是公安机关可以依法开展侦查活动，采取强制措施的依据。2、存根联。由制作单位存档备查。依次写明发文字号、案件名称、案件编号、犯罪嫌疑人姓名、性别、年龄、住址、单位及职业、批准人姓名、批准时间、办案人姓名、办案单位、填发时间和填发人姓名。

　（五）文书实例

　 三、呈请破案报告书

　（一）文书概念

　《呈请破案报告书》是公安机关对已经立案的案件，在经过侦查后，认为符合破案条件时制作的，报请县级以上公安机关负责人批准的法律文书，属于公安机关内部审批文书。

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　共 54 页 （二 ）

　法律依据

　《程序规定》第 167 条规定：对于符合破案条件的案件，办案部门应当制作破案报告，报县级以上公安机关负责人批准。破案报告应当包括以下内容：

　（１）案件侦查结果；（2）破案的理由和根据；（３）破案的组织分工和方法步骤；（4）其他破案措施和下一步的工作意见。

　（三）注意事项

　1、破案应当具备下列条件：（１）犯罪事实已有证据证明；（2）有证据证明犯罪事实是犯罪嫌疑人实施的；（3）犯罪嫌疑人或者主要犯罪嫌疑人已经抓获。

　2、只有在上述这 3 个条件同时具备时，公安机关才可以制作《呈请破案报告书》。对于共同犯罪的案件，在只抓获了次要的犯罪嫌疑人时，不能制作《呈请破案报告书》。

　（四）文书内容

　《呈请破案报告书》依据《呈请报告书》规定的格式制作，包括首部、正文、尾部三部分。

　1 1 、 首部

　包括领导批示栏、审核意见和文书名称。领导批示栏上县级以上公安机关负责人填写是否同意破案的批示，并签名、注明日期；审核意见栏由公安机关基层科所队长填写对办案人提出的立案请求进行初步审核后的意见和建议，并签名、注明日期。

　2 2 、 正文

　依据公安机关办理刑事案件程序规定及侦查办案实践，《呈请破案报告书》应当包括以下几个方面的内容：案件侦查结果、破案理由和根据、破案的组织分工和方法步骤、其他破案措施和下一步的工作意见。在具体制作《呈请破案报告书》，应当注意从以下几个方面重点阐明有关事实：

　（1 1 ）犯罪嫌疑人基本情况和案件简况

　这部分内容要写明已被抓获的犯罪嫌疑人基本情况、案件来源。主要案情、现场勘查、访问所获的材料等。

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　共 54 页 （2 2 ）案情分析

　这部分内容是对现场勘查、调查访...